How Did Thanksgiving Become an American Tradition?

by Sandra Merville Hart

As an author of several Civil War novels, I’ve read many soldiers’ diaries and daily journals. It’s a fascinating glimpse into army camps, battles, attitudes, beliefs, and even the weather.

One tidbit I learned in a soldier’s diary is that the annual celebration of Thanksgiving in his state took place in October. That made me curious about those early celebrations.

On October 3, 1789, President Washington issued a proclamation declaring Thursday, November 26, 1789, a national day of thanks to God. He reminded Americans that the Almighty’s care and provision had led them through the Revolution and helped them establish a new government and Constitution.

There were public celebrations and church services. Washington attended St. Paul’s Chapel in New York City. Those who were imprisoned for debts in the city weren’t forgotten—Washington gave them food and beer.

The proclamation did not establish Thanksgiving as a national holiday. Presidents John Adams and James Madison issued their own proclamations but none of these established a yearly celebration.

Some states began to choose days for an annual Thanksgiving, with New York as the first in 1817. There was no uniformity of the date selected and not every state participated.

Beginning in 1827, Sarah Josepha Hale, writer of “Mary Had a Little Lamb” and editor of Godey’s Lady Book, wrote letters to presidents and other politicians in hopes they’d establish a national day of Thanksgiving. Those letters continued for 36 years. As the unrest between the North and South escalated, Sarah hoped that declaring the holiday would unite people. She urged President Lincoln to make it a permanent custom and became known as the “Mother of Thanksgiving” for her efforts.

President Lincoln was the one to set aside the last Thursday in November as an annual observance of the day in 1863—during the middle of the Civil War.

In 1941, President Franklin Roosevelt moved the holiday to the fourth Thursday in November to allow for an extra week of Christmas shopping.

Today we celebrate the holiday with family and friends. Turkey is the traditional main dish with a variety of side dishes and pumpkin pie for dessert. Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade and watching sports are also a mainstay. I enjoy watching Christmas movies after the dishes are done.

Happy Thanksgiving!

Sources

History.com Editors. “Thanksgiving 2024,” History.com, 2024/11/20 https://www.history.com/topics/thanksgiving/history-of-thanksgiving.

Maranzani, Barbara. “How the ‘Mother of Thanksgiving’ Lobbied Abraham Lincoln to Proclaim the National Holiday,” History.com, 2024/11/20 https://www.history.com/news/abraham-lincoln-and-the-mother-of-thanksgiving.

Silverman, David J. “Thanksgiving Day,” Britannica, 2024/11/20 https://www.britannica.com/place/Turkey/The-central-massif.

“Thanksgiving (United States),” Wikipedia, 2024/11/20 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving_(United_States).

The Legacy of Captain William Dodge: Civil War Hero and Lighthouse Keeper

By Susan G Mathis

Welcome back to friend and fellow author, Susan G. Mathis! She’s sharing a bit of background for her newest release, Julia’s Joy.

In the annals of maritime history, few figures shine as brightly as Captain William Dodge, the first keeper of the Sister Island Lighthouse in the Thousand Islands, NY. This man was not just a guardian of the St. Lawrence River and his ships but also a hero of the Civil War and a remarkable man.

Before stepping into the role of lighthouse keeper, Dodge was a captain—a hero forged in the crucible of the Civil War. He fought with the New York volunteers, but not without his share of scars. His left foot was badly wounded in battle, so he limped the rest of his life.

But he wasn’t just a hero and a keeper of the light. He was a craftsman too. Before the lighthouse, he was a man of many trades—a cabinetmaker, a tax collector, a census enumerator. A life woven with diverse endeavors, each one contributing to the rich testimony of his existence.

In 1870, following his appointment as the first keeper of Sister Island Lighthouse, he served faithfully and cheerfully. For twenty-three years, he tended to this tower, the keeper of both the light and its stories. As he worked, he prepared his son to take his place as the second lightkeeper. Known as a stalwart guardian of the river, guiding ships through stormy nights, he taught his son well.

Through the story of Captain William Dodge, we discover a man who not only illuminated the paths of ships but also shaped the lives of those around him. His legacy endures, a beacon of resilience and craftsmanship, woven into the very fabric of Sister Island and the hearts of those who remember him.

About Julia’s Joy:

She came to claim her inheritance, but the mysterious scarred lighthouse keeper makes her question all her plans.

When Julia Collins reluctantly sets foot on Sister Island, compelled by her wealthy grandmother’s will, she is intent on claiming her inheritance and moving on. But when she experiences the peaceful, faith-filled island life, and connects with the handsome lightkeeper, William, Julia finds herself confronting her open wounds from her parents’ deaths.

William Dodge, lightkeeper of Sister Island, harbors a heart hardened by a past betrayal. Between that and his chronic pleurisy, he wants nothing to do with love. But when Julia arrives on the island bursting with vitality and unconventional notions, William’s world is turned upside down. As she chips away at the walls William has built for himself, he finds his reluctance waning.

But just as love begins to blossom between them, Julia is faced with a tempting proposal from a prominent Brockville family. Will she succumb to societal expectations or choose the richness of her island life and the love of the steadfast lightkeeper?

About Susan:

Susan G Mathis is an international award-winning, multi-published author of stories set in the beautiful Thousand Islands, her childhood stomping ground in upstate NY. Susan has been published more than thirty times in full-length novels, novellas, and non-fiction books. She has thirteen in her fiction line including, The Fabric of Hope: An Irish Family Legacy, Christmas Charity, Katelyn’s Choice, Devyn’s Dilemma, Sara’s Surprise, Reagan’s Reward, Colleen’s Confession, Peyton’s Promise, Rachel’s Reunion, Mary’s Moment, A Summer at Thousand Island House, Libby’s Lighthouse, and Julia’s Joy, the second in her three-book lighthouse series. Her book awards include three Illumination Book Awards, four American Fiction Awards, three Indie Excellence Book Awards, five Literary Titan Book Awards, two Golden Scroll Awards, and a Selah Award. Susan is also a published author of two premarital books, two children’s picture books, stories in a dozen compilations, and hundreds of published articles. Susan makes her home in Northern Virginia and enjoys traveling around the world but returns each summer to enjoy the Thousand Islands. Visit www.SusanGMathis.com/fiction for more.

Where can people find you online?

Susan’s website: https://www.susangmathis.com/fiction-books

Buy links: Amazon | Barnes&Nobles | Wild Heart Books

Julia’s Joy book trailer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rq7XLUohjrA

Narrative of Sojourner Truth

Reviewed by Sandra Merville Hart

Narrative of Sojourner Truth by Sojourner Truth

Isabella Baumfree was born into slavery in New York in 1797. That state passed a law freeing all slaves 40 years and older 1817. Everyone younger than 40, which included Isabella, were to be emancipated ten years later.

Isabella endured many hardships and cruelty during part of that time. Her mother raised her to have faith and to pray to God before she was sold away from her parents at nine. She spoke Dutch only as a young child and didn’t understand English, which made it impossible to understand the new owners. Isabella endured many hardships and cruelty after her separations from her parents just a few miles away.

She wasn’t allowed to marry a man from a neighboring home. Her husband was much older and she had children with him. After her emancipation, Isabella parted from him.

This her story in her words, as dictated to Olive Gilbert, after Isabella changed her name to Sojourner Truth. Sojourner became an inspiring speaker, sharing her faith as well as advocating for black freedom, women’s rights, and temperance.

A powerful story about a powerful woman. Her story held my attention from page one.

Definitely recommend!

Amazon

My Cave Life in Vicksburg

Reviewed by Sandra Merville Hart

My Cave Life in Vicksburg, with Letters of Trial and Travel By A Lady.

The anonymous author is Mary Webster Loughborough, who arrived on April 15, 1863, for a pleasant visit to Vicksburg. She became an unwilling guest during the bombardment and siege.

Excellent account of the trials and hardships suffered by the townspeople who endured the Siege of Vicksburg in 1863.

Mary’s husband paid to have a cave dug in the city of Vicksburg for her and their toddler. The Union navy shelled the city, sending the citizens scurrying for the relative safety of the caves. Some died from shells that penetrated the ceilings. Others died when they ventured out during lulls in the shelling.

Parrott shells came directly toward their cave often and danger was everywhere.

Food ran low as the siege continued. There is no sense of time in the book so the days and hours must have run together into a nightmare from which they couldn’t awaken.

I purchased this book to discover the history for the siege. I was researching the background for my book, River of Peril, Book 5 in my Spies of the Civil War Series.

Recommended for readers of American Civil War history and American history.

Amazon

The American Gilded Age

by Susan G. Mathis

Welcome back to Susan G. Mathis, friend and fellow author at Wild Heart Books. Libby’s Lighthouse is her latest   Thousand Islands Gilded Age story. I loved it! Thanks for joining us today, Susan!

The American Gilded Age was a time of rapid technical advances, industrialization, and thousands of new inventions from about 1870-1910. Mark Twain coined the term in his 1873 novel The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today that satirized the era of social problems that were masked by a layer of thin, gold gilding. It’s a fascinating time in history, especially in the Thousand Islands.

All of my books are set during the Thousand Islands Gilded Age, when the wealthy came and scooped up the islands and built lavish summer homes, mansions, and castles. It was an era of economic growth. Since wages were higher than Europe, massive immigration drew about twenty million to the U.S. shores.

Unfortunately, it was also a time of unequal distribution of wealth where the rich got richer and the poor working class suffered. Many young women worked as servants until they married, and that’s what my stories are about—those nameless, faithful women who cooked and cleaned and served tables for the rich and famous. These “downstairs” women had fascinating stories to tell, and I plan to tell many of them.

During the Gilded Age, America led the world in innovation. A half-million patents were issued for new inventions including hundreds by Thomas Edison, Westinghouse, and others. Thanks to inventions such as delivery of electric power, the world became lighter, safer, more convenient and comfortable, and all around better.

About Susan’s latest Thousand Islands Gilded Age story, Libby’s Lighthouse:

Elizabeth Montonna, daughter of the Tibbett’s Point Lighthouse keeper, finds a mysterious sailor with amnesia, his kindness and character steal a little more of her heart each day. But secrets haunt Libby and may change her life forever. When Owen is ship wrecked, he accepts the hospitality of the lighthouse keeper and his lovely daughter. His relationship with Libby turns into something more, but their budding romance can go no further until he uncovers his past. As Owen inches closer to discovering the secrets of his identity, will the revelations bring him closer to Libby or tear them apart forever?

Amazon

About Susan G Mathis:

Susan G Mathis is an international award-winning, multi-published author of stories set in the beautiful Thousand Islands in upstate NY. Susan has been published more than thirty times in full-length novels, novellas, and non-fiction books. She has twelve in her fiction line including Libby’s Lighthouse. Find out more at www.SusanGMathis.com/fiction

Author Background for Streams of Courage

by Sandra Merville Hart

In Streams of Courage, Book 4 in my Spies of the Civil War Series, Julia, our heroine, has suffered several significant losses in her life, including her father and two siblings. Her mother’s insistence that Julia stop courting Ash, a saddler, and find instead a rich suitor makes no sense. Surely her father had provided for her.

Then she discovers that her parents have only provided for her younger brother, whom her mother had always adored. Julia will be penniless when her mother dies. The knowledge crushes her.

Ash is already supporting his mother and siblings. As Mama points out, adding a wife and children will stretch his income to the limits. Mama will not give her blessing should Ash propose. Julia, who had been raised in comfort, must find some means of support.

As I considered how Julia could make money in a war-time economy, it was clear her mother, as the daughter of a wealthy plantation owner, would never condone her working in a shop. What can she do?

Tatting lace.

Her lace patterns have received compliments in the past. With fewer ships bringing goods into the city, lace is in short supply. Granted, the demand for lace has diminished because even dress fabric isn’t as available as before the war.

I enjoyed researching this skill that was once so prevalent among young ladies in society. I watched videos on making lace with a special needle called a tatting needle.

The most basic stitch is the double-stitch. There is a special way to hold the needle and thread so that the first stitch grabs thread from under the thumb and the second stitch grabs it from over the thumb. There is a rhythm to the stitching in the hands of a skilled lacemaker.

I watched videos that demonstrated making rings with picot trim. There is a variety of stitching. The variations create beautiful patterns. The lace is then rolled for storage.

Fascinating. It’s mesmerizing to watch the different patterns emerge.

Tatting is a small yet interesting aspect in the adventurous story. Ash has become a Union spy. For her and her family’s safety, he keeps his dangerous activities a secret from Julia.

Part of my research for this novel and the next two novels included a trip to Vicksburg, Mississippi. I toured the museums and walked the streets of the historic city. Though I wasn’t certain of my story at the time of my visit, I was inspired by the history.   

Avenue of Betrayal, Book 1,is set in the Union capital of Washington City (Washington DC) in 1861, where a surprising number of Confederate sympathizers and spies lived. Boulevard of Confusion and Byway to Danger are set in Richmond, the Confederate capital in 1862. Actual historical spies touch the lives of our fictional family.

Through both real and fictional characters, this series highlights activities spies were involved in and some of the motives behind their decisions.

I invite you to read the whole “Spies of the Civil War” series!

Available on Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Kobo, Apple, and Books2Read.

Bathing in the Sulphur Springs at The Greenbrier

by Sandra Merville Hart

Healings from the sulphur springs in White Sulphur Springs date back to the Revolutionary although the Shawnee already knew of its health benefits.

Mrs. Anderson, an early homesteader in the area, suffered from chronic rheumatism and may have learned of the spring from the Shawnee. In 1778, her family took her to the spring. They erected a tent and hollowed out a log for a tub. Mrs. Anderson drank the water and bathed in heated water. After a few weeks, her improvement was so dramatic that the news quickly spread to local settlers, some of whom came to the springs for healing and the reduction of pain from rheumatism.

The first resort began in 1785, when early guests stayed in tents. Buildings were erected and many improvements were made over the years as it changed ownership. New owners purchased the resort in 1910, who closed it for renovations. A new bath wing opened in the grand reopening in 1913.

Mosaic tile enhanced the beauty of a beautiful rectangular pool on the first floor. At 100 feet x 42 feet, it was one of the largest pools in the world at the time. A high glass dome enclosed it. Ladies sat to sew on the comfortable chairs among hot-house plants outside the pool.

The second and third floors of the Bath Wing had heated sulphur spring bathing rooms and mud baths. The Men’s Department was on the second floor and the Women’s Department was on the third floor. Doctors sent their wealthy patients to the springs with a recommended regimen of bathing that might also include drinking the spring water. Folks suffering from a variety of ailments sought benefits from the spring waters, including gout, rheumatism, arthritis, neuritis, dyspepsia, jaundice, scurvy, chronic splenitis, pyrosis, and chronic diseases of the skin.

The first guest signed the registry in the newly remodeled resort on September 25, 1913. The Greenbrier’s grand reopening brought another change—it was now open year-round.,

In A Spring at The Greenbrier, Book 7 in Romance at the Gilded Age Resorts Series, Marilla, our heroine, works at The Greenbrier in 1914. Her first job at the resort was serving guests tumblers of sulphur spring water, a tradition at the historic hotel. When the doctor suggests that her younger sister would benefit from bathing in heated spring waters, Marilla moves to the Bath Wing, an important part of the story because two little girls need its benefits.

Sources

Conte, Robert S. The History of The Greenbrier: America’s Resort, Pictorial Histories Publishing Co., 1989.

Moorman, J.J., Md. Directory for Use of White Sulphur Waters with Practical Remarks on their Medicinal Properties, T.K. & P.G. Collins, 1839.

Mutter, Thomas Dent, M.D. Classic Reprint Series: The Salt Sulphur Springs, Monroe County, VA, T.K. & P.G. Collins, Printer, 1840.

Drinking the Waters at The Greenbrier

by Sandra Merville Hart

In A Spring at The Greenbrier, Book 7 in Romance at the Gilded Age Resorts Series, Marilla, our heroine, works at The Greenbrier in 1914. Her first job at the resort was serving guests tumblers of sulphur spring water, a tradition at the historic hotel, one that dates back to 1785, when Michael Bowyer owned the land. He hired a couple to manage his health resort and early guests stayed in their own tents to partake of the waters.

The health resort grew from those humble beginnings to become a place where the wealthy came to drink the waters. Guests brought their whole families and stayed for weeks in the summer. They walked across the lawn to the Springhouse to drink tumblers of water before breakfast, lunch, and supper.

Dr. Moorman served resort guests in the 1800s for decades. He recommended starting with 4 – 8 glasses daily, growing to a maximum of 12 glasses daily in two weeks. He felt that guests would see health benefits for the bowels, liver, kidneys, and skin in 3 – 6 weeks.

Dyspepsia, jaundice, chronic rheumatism, scurvy, and neuralgia were a few of the conditions he saw improvement among guests drinking spring water. Other doctors sent their patients to the resort for a variety of ailments.

To satisfy guests’ demand for the waters in between visits, it was sent in bottles and barrels to apothecaries in major cities. Nearly every drug store in America sold cases of 24 bottles for $5 by 1902. It was labeled as A Natural Laxative and was sold until 1942.

The spring waters are an important part of the story in A Spring at The Greenbrier, where two little girls need its benefits.

Sources

Conte, Robert S. The History of The Greenbrier: America’s Resort, Pictorial Histories Publishing Co., 1989.

Moorman, J.J., Md. Directory for Use of White Sulphur Waters with Practical Remarks on their Medicinal Properties, T.K. & P.G. Collins, 1839.

Historic Springs of the Virginias by Stan Cohen

Reviewed by Sandra Merville Hart

Historic Springs of the Virginias: A Pictorial History

I purchased this book to learn more about the springs in West Virginia. I was researching the background for my book, A Spring at The Greenbrier, Book 7 in Romance at the Gilded Age Resorts Series. Not only does my heroine work there in the new Bath Wing but also her younger sister needs to bathe in the spring waters to possibly help her.

This book is well-written. It gives a broad view of the many springs in Virginia and West Virginia. I had no idea there were so many or that several of them were associated with health resorts at some point. The Greenbrier, which began as a health resort in the 1700s, is located in White Sulphur Springs.

The book is filled with interesting history. Photos, maps, sketches, and nostalgic advertisements greatly enhance the book.

Lots of tidbits and historical facts for the springs in West Virginia and Virginia.

Recommended for readers of American history and those interested in learning the sulphur springs.

Amazon

The 1910 New Owners Remodel The Greenbrier

by Sandra Merville Hart

In A Spring at The Greenbrier, Book 7 in Romance at the Gilded Age Resorts Series, Marilla, our heroine, works at The Greenbrier. This historic resort had been purchased from previous owners in 1910, who renamed it “The White”. Guests who had been returning for long stays year after year chose to affectionately refer to the hotel as “The Old White”.

Three churches held Sunday services at The Greenbrier around the time it changed hands. St. Thomas’ Episcopal Chapel had been built in 1885. Local residents had built a Methodist church in 1855, and it was largely attended by guests as well as townspeople. From its high position on the resort, St. Charles, Church of Rome, offered breathtaking views to churchgoers.

The grounds had changed little for fifty years before the new owners took over in 1910. Dramatic changes were made in the remodeling and not only in the addition of wings.

New walkways were laid on the center of the grounds after the old dining room was torn down. Romantic trails were created in the woods, giving couples plenty of choices—Lover’s Walk, Hesitance Row, Lover’s Leap, Courtship Maze, Rejection Row, and Acceptance Way to Paradise.

Although the needs of her family has forced Marilla, our heroine in A Spring at The Greenbrier, to push aside dreams of a husband and family, she still longs to walk the romantic trails with a handsome beau.

Sources

Conte, Robert S. The History of The Greenbrier: America’s Resort, Pictorial Histories Publishing Co., 1989.

McDowell, Aubin Aydelotte. Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs: White Sulphur Springs as known in History and Tradition, W.F. Roberts & Co, 1909.